1 ui设计
使用qt designer
,按装anaconda后,在如下路径找到:
conda3.05\Library\bin
designer.exe
文件,双击启动:
创建窗体,命名为XiaoDing
,整个的界面如下所示:
qt 设计器
提供的常用控件基本都能满足开发需求,通过拖动左侧的控件,很便捷的就能搭建出如下的UI界面,比传统的手写控件代码要方便很多。
最终设计的计算器XiaoDing
界面如下,
比如,其中一个用于计算器显示的对象:lcdNumber
,对象的类型为:LCD Number
。右侧为计算器中用到的所有对象。
2 转py文件
使用如下命令,将设计好的ui
文件转为py
文件
pyuic5 -o ./calculator/MainWindow.py ./calculator/mainwindow.ui
3 计算器实现逻辑
导入库:
代码语言:javascript
复制
from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import operator
from MainWindow import Ui_MainWindow
主题代码逻辑很精简:
代码语言:javascript
复制
# Calculator state.
READY = 0
INPUT = 1class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
def init(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(MainWindow, self).init(*args, **kwargs)
self.setupUi(self)# Setup numbers. for n in range(0, 10): getattr(self, 'pushButton_n%s' % n).pressed.connect(lambda v=n: self.input_number(v)) # Setup operations. self.pushButton_add.pressed.connect(lambda: self.operation(operator.add)) self.pushButton_sub.pressed.connect(lambda: self.operation(operator.sub)) self.pushButton_mul.pressed.connect(lambda: self.operation(operator.mul)) self.pushButton_div.pressed.connect(lambda: self.operation(operator.truediv)) # operator.div for Python2.7 self.pushButton_pc.pressed.connect(self.operation_pc) self.pushButton_eq.pressed.connect(self.equals) # Setup actions self.actionReset.triggered.connect(self.reset) self.pushButton_ac.pressed.connect(self.reset) self.actionExit.triggered.connect(self.close) self.pushButton_m.pressed.connect(self.memory_store) self.pushButton_mr.pressed.connect(self.memory_recall) self.memory = 0 self.reset() self.show()
基础方法:
代码语言:javascript
复制
def input_number(self, v):
if self.state == READY:
self.state = INPUT
self.stack[-1] = v
else:
self.stack[-1] = self.stack[-1] * 10 + vself.display() def display(self): self.lcdNumber.display(self.stack[-1])
按钮RE
,M
, RE
对应的实现逻辑:
代码语言:javascript
复制
def reset(self):
self.state = READY
self.stack = [0]
self.last_operation = None
self.current_op = None
self.display()def memory_store(self): self.memory = self.lcdNumber.value() def memory_recall(self): self.state = INPUT self.stack[-1] = self.memory self.display()
+
,-
,x
,/
,/100
对应实现方法:
代码语言:javascript
复制
def operation(self, op):
if self.current_op: # Complete the current operation
self.equals()self.stack.append(0) self.state = INPUT self.current_op = op def operation_pc(self): self.state = INPUT self.stack[-1] *= 0.01 self.display()
=
号对应的方法实现:
代码语言:javascript
复制
def equals(self):
if self.state == READY and self.last_operation:
s, self.current_op = self.last_operation
self.stack.append(s)if self.current_op: self.last_operation = self.stack[-1], self.current_op try: self.stack = [self.current_op(*self.stack)] except Exception: self.lcdNumber.display('Err') self.stack = [0] else: self.current_op = None self.state = READY self.display()
main函数:
代码语言:javascript
复制
if name == 'main':
app = QApplication([])
app.setApplicationName("XiaoDing")window = MainWindow() app.exec_()
完整代码请参考点击阅读原文下载,代码只有100行。完整代码请点击文章最底部的【阅读原文】。启动后的界面如下: