laravel 相关
安装 laravel 框架,版本根据自己的实际情况选择
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel laravel "8.5.*"
在.env
文件中配置数据库连接
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=De5RJZWSjJF42FkC
数据库迁移
# 在项目根目录执行
php artisan migrate
数据填充
填充前准备
执行填充
php artisan db:seed
Dingo Api 相关
安装 Dingo Api
composer require "dingo/api"
在 config 目录生成配置文件api.php
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Dingo\Api\Provider\LaravelServiceProvider"
在 .env
文件里配置Dingo Api , Dingo API 配置项说明
# dingo api
API_STANDARDS_TREE=x // 环境
API_SUBTYPE=myapp // 子类型
API_PREFIX=api // 前缀
API_DOMAIN=api.myapp.com // 域名
API_VERSION=v1 // 版本号
API_NAME="My API" // 名字
API_CONDITIONAL_REQUEST=false // 条件请求
API_STRICT=false // 严格模式
API_DEFAULT_FORMAT=json // 响应格式
API_DEBUG=true // 调试模式
JWT 相关
安装 jwt-auth ,参考文档 jwt-auth 文档
composer require "tymon/jwt-auth"
在 config 目录生成配置文件jwt.php
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Tymon\JWTAuth\Providers\LaravelServiceProvider"
在.env
中生成加密所需字符串 JWT_SECRET
php artisan jwt:secret
修改你的 app/Models/User.php
<?php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\MustVerifyEmail;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Contracts\JWTSubject;class User extends Authenticatable implements JWTSubject
{
use HasFactory, Notifiable;/**
- The attributes that are mass assignable.
- @var array
*/
protected $fillable = [
'name',
'email',
'password',
];/**
- The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
- @var array
*/
protected $hidden = [
'password',
'remember_token',
];/**
- The attributes that should be cast to native types.
- @var array
*/
protected $casts = [
'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
];public function getJWTIdentifier()
{
return $this->getKey();
}
public function getJWTCustomClaims()
{
return [];
}
}
修改 config/auth.php
'defaults' => [
'guard' => 'api',
'passwords' => 'users',
],...
'guards' => [
'api' => [
'driver' => 'jwt',
'provider' => 'users',
],
],
修改 routes/api.php , 由Dingo 接管
<?php
$api = app('Dingo\Api\Routing\Router');
api->version('v1', ['namespace' => 'App\Http\Controllers\Api\v1'], function (api) {
$api->get('password', 'AuthController@password')->name('password');
$api->post('login', 'AuthController@login')->name('login');
api->group(['middleware' => 'api.auth'], function (api) {
$api->post('logout', 'AuthController@logout');
$api->post('refresh', 'AuthController@refresh');
$api->post('me', 'AuthController@me')->name('me');
});
});
创建 基础控制器、用户认证控制器,对应路由文件中的命名空间 App\Http\Controllers\Api\v1
Controller
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\V1;use Dingo\Api\Routing\Helpers;
use Illuminate\Routing\Controller as BaseController;
class Controller extends BaseController
{
use Helpers;
}
AuthController
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\V1;
use App\Models\User;
class AuthController extends Controller
{
public function password()
{
$password = bcrypt('123456');
User::find(1)->update(['password' => $password]);
return response()->json(['password' => 123456]);
}
/**
-
Get a JWT via given credentials.
-
@return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function login()
{
$credentials = request(['email', 'password']);
if (! token = auth()->attempt(credentials)) {
return response()->json(['error' => 'Unauthorized'], 401);
}
return this->respondWithToken(token);
}
/**
- Get the authenticated User.
- @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function me()
{
return response()->json(auth()->user());
}
/**
-
Log the user out (Invalidate the token).
-
@return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function logout()
{
auth()->logout();
return response()->json(['message' => 'Successfully logged out']);
}
/**
- Refresh a token.
- @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function refresh()
{
return $this->respondWithToken(auth()->refresh());
}
/**
- Get the token array structure.
- @param string $token
@return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
protected function respondWithToken($token)
{
return response()->json([
'access_token' => $token,
'token_type' => 'bearer',
'expires_in' => auth()->factory()->getTTL() * 60
]);
}
}
配置 Dongo API 的Auth认证使用JWT
config/api.php
'auth' => [
'jwt' => 'Dingo\Api\Auth\Provider\JWT',
],
认证测试
- 密码错误时
- 更新并获取数据库
ID=1
的密码用于测试
- 用正确的密码尝试获取
access_token
- 用
access_token
获取用户信息
当你不想使用默认的email
作为用户名时
- 测试
访问节流限制
Dingo API 默认节流限速是绑定客户 ip 地址的。如果需要自定义节流限速方法,需要注册你自己的解决者。
新建 app/Http/Middleware/MyThrottle.php, 例如我这里以openid
为标识节流限速
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Dingo\Api\Contract\Http\RateLimit\HasRateLimiter;
use Dingo\Api\Http\RateLimit\Throttle\Throttle;
use Dingo\Api\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Container\Container;class MyThrottle extends Throttle implements HasRateLimiter
{
/**
- @param Container $container
- @return bool
*/
public function match(Container $container): bool
{
return $container['api.auth']->check();
}
public function getRateLimiter(Container app, Request request): string
{
$user = auth()->user();
return $user->openid;
}
}
在 routes/api.php 使用
<?php
use App\Http\Middleware\MyThrottle;
$api = app('Dingo\Api\Routing\Router');
api->version('v1', ['namespace' => 'App\Http\Controllers\Api\v1'], function (api) {
api->group(['middleware' => 'api.auth'], function (api) {
$api->get('limit', [
'middleware' => 'api.throttle',
'throttle' => new MyThrottle(['limit' => 1, 'expires' => 1]), //一分钟一次请求
'uses' => 'AuthController@limit'
])->name('limit');
});
});
测试
- 同一分钟请求第一次
- 同一分钟请求第二次
当然你如果认为Dingdo APi 抛出的异常不美观,你也可以捕获 Dongo API 错误进行自定义配置
- 首先在
app/Exceptions/Dingo.php
文件用于处理自定义
<?php
<?php
namespace App\Exceptions;
use Exception;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler as ExceptionHandler;
class Dingo extends ExceptionHandler
{
/**
- Render an exception into an HTTP response.
- @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
- @param \Exception $exception
@return \Illuminate\Http\Response
*/
public function render(request, Exception|\Throwable exception)
{
if (get_class($exception) == 'Dingo\Api\Exception\RateLimitExceededException') {
return response()->json([
'message' => '请勿频繁提交!!'
],429);
}
return parent::render(request, exception);
}
}
- 在
app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
中注册服务
<?php
namespace App\Providers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
/**
- Register any application services.
- @return void
*/
public function register()
{
//
}
/**
- Bootstrap any application services.
@return void
*/
public function boot()
{
app('api.exception')->register(function (\Exception $exception) {
return app('App\Exceptions\Dingo')->render(
Request::capture(),
$exception
);
});
}
}