pycryptodomex安装过程踩坑解决

前言:装TA,要用pycryptodomex,但出现了toolchain\py版本不匹配,网络上太多方法,五花八门,我需要记录整理下思路,所以作此文

Cryptodome是Python语言的加密和解密库,它是PyCrypto和Crypto工具包的继承者。

安装Cryptodome库

有多种方法可以安装Cryptodome库。 最常见的方法是使用pip工具在命令行中运行以下命令:

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pip install pycryptodome

如果你使用的是Python 3,则需要使用以下命令:

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pip3 install pycryptodome

请注意,如果已经安装了Crypto工具包或PyCrypto,那么你需要卸载它们:

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pip uninstall Crypto
pip uninstall pycrypto

CommandNotFound

输入pip3 install pycryptodomex ,我想要安装pycryptodomex,但提示我没有 ‘CommandNotFound’

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$ pip3 install pycryptodomex 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/command-not-found", line 27, in <module>
    from CommandNotFound.util import crash_guard
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'CommandNotFound'

方法一 参考国外askubuntu上的解决方法:

这个问题发生在我从源代码安装python3.7时。 检查/usr/lib/command-not-found文件,它试图找到模块CommandNotFound,但是python3.7没有提供此模块,而Ubuntu在目录/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages下有该模块。

我们需要做的是将该目录添加到python导入路径中:

1、vi .bashrc (or .profile) 2、添加行

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export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages:/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages

注意你可能需要将/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages更改为你自己的目录。 3、退出后输入 source .bashrc (or .profile)

方法二 参考python社区 主要问题可能是你安装了新版的python(python3.7)或者别的版本,然后在/usr/bin下将名为python3的软链接指向了新版本的python。因为Python版本不同,Python的模块有些许的不同,而新版本的python没有’CommandNotFound’模块。 解决办法是: 进入报错的文件,如我这里是/usr/lib/cnf-update-db.

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vim /usr/lib/cnf-update-db

进入该文件,将第一行改为#!/usr/bin/python3.6 即可

注意:这里python3.6是我系统自带的python版本

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方法三 去网站下载安装

  1. 在之前的AES加密中,Python 2或者Python 3.4使用的是pyCrypto模块。然而,最近我尝试安装它时遇到了很多困难,并且发现该库已经停止维护。尽管我使用"pip install pycrypto"命令下载了相应的tar.gz文件,但在自动安装过程中出现了错误,提示缺少Microsoft Visual C++ 2014工具环境。
  2. 继续查阅后,我发现pyCrypto库有一个后续分支叫做pyCryptodome,它是前代的延伸版。如果遇到通过pip无法安装的库,你可以访问以下网站获取对应的下载地址:https://www.pycryptodome.org/

https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

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我这边进去F12没找到

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方法四

参考的是:pip install pycryptodome失败的解决办法

浏览器直接下载:点我下载“pycryptodome-3.9.7-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl”

下载完成的whl文件会自动保存至python下的Scripts文件夹下,复制路径直接pip install 路径即可完成安装:

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之后打开python下的site-packages文件夹就会发现多了一个Crypto文件夹(以前是crypto,在导包的时候会出错,需要手动改成大写的C),现在貌似不用了。

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打开Crypto包,会发现里面的一些扩展库:

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这些库正是我们所需要的。


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$ python -m pip install --upgrade pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 272, in run
    with self._build_session(options) as session:
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 72, in _build_session
    insecure_hosts=options.trusted_hosts,
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/download.py", line 329, in __init__
    self.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent()
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/download.py", line 93, in user_agent
    from pip._vendor import distro
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 1050, in <module>
    _distro = LinuxDistribution()
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 594, in __init__
    if include_lsb else {}
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 931, in _get_lsb_release_info
    raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(code, cmd, stdout, stderr)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command 'lsb_release -a' returned non-zero exit status 1.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/__main__.py", line 19, in <module>
    sys.exit(pip.main())
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 248, in main
    return command.main(cmd_args)
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 251, in main
    timeout=min(5, options.timeout)) as session:
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 72, in _build_session
    insecure_hosts=options.trusted_hosts,
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/download.py", line 329, in __init__
    self.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent()
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/download.py", line 93, in user_agent
    from pip._vendor import distro
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 1050, in <module>
    _distro = LinuxDistribution()
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 594, in __init__
    if include_lsb else {}
  File "/usr/local/python365/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 931, in _get_lsb_release_info
    raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(code, cmd, stdout, stderr)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command 'lsb_release -a' returned non-zero exit status 1.

参考网页: 1、DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Pytho 2、python3.6安装pycrypto 3、解决ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘CommandNotFound’问题 4、DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. 5、pip documentation v23.3.dev0(官网) 6、python3.6 实现AES加密的示例(pyCryptodome) 7、python ModuleNotFoundError :‘CommandNotFound’ 8、什么是pycryptodomex,它与pycryptodome有何不同? 9、python - 什么是 pycryptodomex,它与 pycryptodome 有何不同? 10、Archived: Unofficial Windows Binaries for Python Extension Packages 11、python3.6 安装第三方库 pyCryptodome 实现AES加密 12、ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘CommandNotFound’ 13、pycryptodome.org(官网)